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Table 2 Cytokines and Chemokines in response to parasite antigens

From: Cytokine and chemokine responses to helminth and protozoan parasites and to fungus and mite allergens in neonates, children, adults, and the elderly

Cytokine/chemokine

Study group

Base

Eh

Pf

IL-19

Neonates

137 (0/301)

240 (77/404)

271 (9/449)

 

Children

204 (81/327)

382 (229/535)

189 (36/341)

 

Adults

244 (114/375)

692 * (507/877)

370 (186/555)

 

Elderly

257 (128/386)

726 * (544/909)

319 (137/502)

IL-27

Neonates

425 (307/542)

495 (378/612)

518 (393/642)

 

Children

557 (429/686)

666 (513/820)

501 (340/661)

 

Adults

719 (503/935)

1004 (699/1309)

886 (581/1191)

 

Elderly

1050 (898/1202)

951 (738/1164)

932 (737/1128)

IL-33

Neonates

52 (17/86)

67 (31/104)

32 (0/71)

 

Children

22 (0/110)

107 (2/212)

14 (0/123)

 

Adults

29 (5/54)

51 (16/87)

52 (28/77)

 

Elderly

45 (28/62)

76 (26/125)

62 (36/88)

MCP-4/ CCL13

Neonates

69 (40/99)

56 (26/86)

51 (19/82)

 

Children

180 (120/240)

54 (0/126)

85 (40/130)

 

Adults

129 (84/175)

14 (8/20)

135 (88/183)

 

Elderly

124 (85/163)

12 (0/67)

133 (78/188)

Eotaxin-2/ CCL24

Neonates

537 (337/738)

540 (340/741)

419 (205/632)

 

Children

358 (264/454)

319 (201/438)

360 (235/486)

 

Adults

1398 (1223/1572)

544 **(297/790)

1762 (1515/2008)

 

Elderly

1430 (1262/1598)

340 *** (102/577)

1405 (1168/1643)

MIP-1delta/ CCL15

Neonates

63 (47/79)

68 (52/83)

64 (47/80)

 

Children

46 (41/62)

56 (43/68)

41 (28/55)

 

Adults

19 (12/29)

35 (24/46)

24 (13/34)

 

Elderly

27 (16/37)

63 ** (49/78)

26 (12/41)

  1. The cellular production of interleukin (IL)-19, IL-27, IL-33, MCP-4/CC13, MIP-1delta/CCL15 and Eotaxin-2/CCL24 in response to parasite antigens by umbilical cord blood cells (UCBC) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from different age groups is shown. UCBC from neonates (n=36) and PBMC were isolated from children (age 10-13 years; n=35), adults (18-45 years, n=39) and the elderly (50-80 years, n=42), and stimulated E. histolytica antigen (Eh; 10 μg/ml), P. falciparum antigen (Pf; 1x108 schizonts/ml) or not stimulated (Base), for 48 hours at 37%, 5% CO2 and saturated humidity. Cytokine and chemokine concentrations in cell culture supernatant were determined by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The data are given as means with the lower and upper 95% confidence intervals (in brackets). (* p<0.05, ** p<0.01 ***p<0.001, compared to Base).