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Table 3 Adjusted geometric means and 95 % confidence intervals (95 % CI) of the means of total neopterin by levels of pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) and markers of metabolic factors

From: Cellular immune activity biomarker neopterin is associated hyperlipidemia: results from a large population-based study

 

Men

Women

 

Mean1

95 % CI

Difference2

p

Mean1

95 % CI

Difference2

p

PLP, μmol/L

 T1 (M: <=28.1 (Median:21.4); F: <=24.5 (Median:19.6))

18.09

15.67

20.89

  

15.53

13.42

17.98

  

 T2 (M: 28.1-44.9 (Median:34.7); F: 24.5-38.9 (Median:30.4))

17.26

14.81

20.11

−4.7 %

0.43

14.68

12.81

16.83

−7.3 %

0.11

 T3 (M: >44.9 (Median:63.5); F: >38.9 (Median:53.9))

16.72

14.52

19.24

−7.9 %

0.18

16.71

14.60

19.13

−13.0 %

0.01

 Per tertile

   

−3.9 %

0.18

   

−6.5 %

0.01

Waist circumference (cm)

 T1 (M: <=91.01 (Median:86.45); F: <=76.77 (Median:71.50))

17.26

14.90

19.98

  

16.03

13.77

18.67

  

 T2 (M: 91.01-98.71 (Median:95); F: 76.77-85.51 (Median:80.50))

18.93

16.37

21.89

9.2 %

0.12

16.25

13.91

18.98

1.3 %

0.77

 T3 (M: >98.71 (Median:104); F: >85.51 (Median:93))

19.17

16.44

22.37

10.5 %

0.11

16.93

14.62

19.61

5.4 %

0.26

 Per tertile

   

5.3 %

0.11

   

2.7 %

0.27

Triglyceride (mmol/L)

 <1.7

17.07

14.95

19.49

  

16.24

13.94

18.92

  

 1.7-3.4

17.09

14.62

19.99

0.2 %

0.98

16.21

14.01

18.75

−3.7 %

0.53

 > = 3.4

21.66

16.99

27.61

23.8 %

0.03

16.29

13.94

19.03

9.3 %

0.48

 Per mmol/L

   

5.9 %

0.03

   

2.3 %

0.56

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)

 T1 (M: <=1.10 (median:0.98); F: <=1.33 (median:1.18))

19.72

17.09

22.75

  

18.52

15.97

21.47

  

 T2 (M: 1.10-1.34 (median:1.21); F: 1.33-1.62 (median:1.49))

16.52

14.33

19.04

−17.7 %

0.00

15.73

13.62

18.15

−16.4 %

0.00

 T3 (M: >1.34 (median:1.60); F: >1.62 (median:1.87))

16.29

14.15

18.75

−19.1 %

0.00

15.44

13.36

17.85

−18.2 %

<0.01

 Per tertile

   

−9.7 %

0.00

   

−9.2 %

<0.01

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mmol/L)

 Q1 (M: <3.88 (median:3.37); F: <3.88 (median:3.34))

18.96

16.39

21.94

  

16.65

14.49

19.14

  

 Q2 (M: 3.88-4.70 (median:4.25); F: 3.88-4.90 (median:4.34))

16.79

14.64

19.27

−12.2 %

0.03

15.60

13.59

17.92

−6.5 %

0.17

 Q3 (M: ≥4.70 (median:5.29); F: ≥4.90 (median:5.55))

16.63

14.37

19.26

−13.1 %

0.03

14.76

12.83

16.98

−12.1 %

0.02

 Per tertile

   

−6.6 %

0.03

   

−6.0 %

0.02

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

 Q1 (M: <5.74 (median:5.16); F: <5.94 (median:5.29))

19.19

16.58

22.21

  

16.61

14.43

19.12

  

 Q2 (M: 5.74-6.59 (median:6.17); F: 5.94-6.99 (median:6.49))

16.61

14.48

19.06

−14.4 %

0.01

15.47

13.46

17.79

−7.1 %

0.15

 Q3 (M: ≥6.59 (median:7.32); F: ≥6.99 (median:7.69))

16.85

14.53

19.54

−13.0 %

0.03

15.03

13.07

17.29

−10.0 %

0.05

 Per tertile

   

−6.8 %

0.03

   

−4.9 %

0.05

Blood pressure

Systolic BP

          

 <=123

16.87

14.59

19.51

  

16.20

13.68

19.18

  

 123-139

17.01

14.66

19.74

0.8 %

0.89

16.15

13.66

19.09

−0.3 %

0.95

 >139

18.14

15.50

21.24

7.3 %

0.28

15.75

13.31

18.64

−2.8 %

0.61

 Per tertile

   

3.6 %

0.27

   

−1.4 %

0.60

Diastolic BP

 <=76

16.76

14.53

19.34

  

16.43

13.88

19.46

  

 76-85

16.93

14.59

19.65

1.0 %

0.87

16.11

13.68

18.98

−0.02

0.70

 >85

18.50

15.85

21.60

9.9 %

0.12

15.32

12.90

18.19

−0.07

0.19

 Per tertile

   

4.9 %

0.11

   

−3.5 %

0.19

Systolic BP ≥130 or diastolic BP ≥85 mmHg or diagnosis for hypertension

 No

16.89

14.60

19.54

  

16.01

14.06

18.25

  

 Yes

17.29

14.83

20.15

2.3 %

0.66

14.90

12.94

17.16

−7.2 %

0.08

HbA1C

 T1 (M < 5.5; F < 5.5)

17.96

15.72

20.50

  

18.24

14.72

22.60

  

 T2 (M: 5.5-5.9; F: 5.5-5.8)

17.00

14.81

19.51

−5.5 %

0.43

17.75

14.18

22.22

−2.7 %

0.67

 T3 (M ≥ 5.9; F ≥ 5.8)

17.51

15.07

20.34

−2.5 %

0.74

16.73

13.29

21.06

−8.7 %

0.22

 Per tertile

   

−1.4 %

0.71

   

−4.2 %

0.23

 <5.7 %

17.77

15.61

20.24

 

0.67

17.85

14.44

22.08

 

0.84

 ≥5.7 %

17.32

15.30

19.62

−2.6 %

 

17.66

14.19

21.98

−1.1 %

 

HbA1C ≥5.7 % or diagnosis for diabetes

 No

16.99

14.74

19.59

 

0.80

15.78

13.81

18.05

 

0.37

 Yes

17.21

14.67

20.18

1.3 %

 

15.16

13.09

17.57

−4.0 %

 
  1. 1.The means were calculated by exponentiating the natural-log transformed means, which were estimated from multiple linear regression and adjusted for age at blood collection (years), sex, country, education (none or primary school completed, technical or professional school, secondary school, above secondary school, and not specified), smoking status (never, former, current, and unknown), and physical activity (low, medium, high, very high, missing)
  2. 2.The differences compared to the first category of each variable
  3. Abbreviations: T tertile, PLP pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, BP blood pressure, HbA1C glycated hemoglobin
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Immunity & Ageing

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