Effect of a synbiotic on the response to seasonal influenza vaccination is strongly influenced by degree of immunosenescence

Table 3 Effect of B. longum + Gl-OS on seroconversion in young and older subjects 4 weeks after influenza vaccination (week 8)

	Seroconversion status (≥ fourfold increase in Ab titres)
Vaccine strain	Young cohort (n = 58)		Older cohort (n = 54)		p
	Placebo	B. longum + Gl-OS	Placebo	B. longum + Gl-OS
	n/N (%)	n/N (%)	n/N (%)	n/N (%)
A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)	15/29 (52)	18/29 (62)	21/27 (78)	15/26 (58)	NS
A/Perth/16/2009 (H3N2)	20/29 (69)	22/29 (76)^a	17/27 (63)	10/26 (38)	0.031
B/Brisbane/60/2008	23/29 (79)^a	20/29 (69)^a	7/27 (26)	1/26 (4)	< 0.001

Data are numbers of seroconverted (n)/total (N) and % seroconverted subjects in parentheses. P refers to results of Fisher’s exact test for differences between the cohorts with treatment groups combined; ^ayoung cohort significantly different from the older cohort within same treatment group (p < 0.01, Fisher’s Exact test)

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