Six weeks of strength endurance training decreases circulating senescence-prone T-lymphocytes in cytomegalovirus seropositive but not seronegative older women

Table 2 Training-induced changes in the percentage of T-cell subsets among the different intervention groups in CMV seropositive participants

T-cell subset	IST (n = 21)	SET (n = 16)	CON (n = 20)	Time effect^a	Time* group effect^b
CD8+ T-cells
CD8 + CD28 + CD57− (naive)
CD8 − CD57+ (SPC)Baseline	50.50 (27.75)	60.75 (23.68)	50.85 (31.53)	0.357	0.296
6 weeks	48.50 (33.70)*	62.55 (26.47)	52.25 (27.63)
CD8 + CD28− CD57− (memory)
Baseline	28.00 (22.55)	33.10 (27.25)	32.00 (23.17)	0.039	0.940
6 weeks	37.30 (25.70)	30.45 (27.50)	33.45 (23.75)
CD8 + CD57+ (SPC)
Baseline	5.60 (17.13)	6.25 (11.55)	7.45 (12.38)	0.012	0.161
6 weeks	6.70 (10.48)	5.00 (6.50)**	3.55 (15.63)
CD8 + CD28 − CD57+ (SPC)
Baseline	5.45 (16.50)	6.15 (10.83)	6.65 (11.73)	0.011	0.128
6 weeks	6.20 (10.03)	4.65 (6.48)**	3.30 (15.20)
CD8 + CD28 + CD57+ (SPC)
Baseline	0.25 (0.48)	0.10 (0.38)	0.20 (0.48)	0.249	0.673
6 weeks	0.20 (0.50)	0.10 (0.43)	0.15 (0.48)
CD8− T-cells
CD8 − CD28 + CD57− (naive)
Baseline	96.40 (5.35)	96.55 (5.78)	95.60 (5.45)	0.727	0.307
6 weeks	96.90 (5.35)	97.20 (5.47)	96.55 (7.17)
CD8 − CD28− CD57− (memory)
Baseline	1.80 (4.80)	2.30 (4.50)	2.75 (3.70)	0.091	0.701
6 weeks	2.10 (3.75)	1.85 (4.33)	2.55 (2.68)
CD8 − CD57+ (SPC)
Baseline	1.10 (2.60)	0.75 (1.85)	1.00 (2.63)	0.027	0.331
6 weeks	1.00 (1.80)	0.40 (0.65)*	0.80 (1.85)
CD8 − CD28 − CD57+ (SPC)
Baseline	1.00 (1.60)	0.70 (1.68)	0.90 (2.10)	0.034	0.337
6 weeks	0.80 (1.75)	0.40 (0.48)*	0.75 (1.55)
CD8 − CD28 + CD57+ (SPC)
Baseline	0.10 (0.40)	0.10 (0.08)	0.10 (0.35)	0.152	0.238
6 weeks	1.00 (0.15)	0.05 (0.10)*	0.10 (0.28)

Note: The values denote median (Interquartile range). CMV cytomegalovirus, SPC senescence-prone T-cells, IST intensive strength training, SET strength-endurance training, CON control. T-cell subsets were expressed as percentages within the CD3 + CD8+ or CD3 + CD8− T-cells. ^aResults of Wilcoxon signed-rank test for changes between baseline and 6 weeks for the entire CMV+ cohort; that is IST, SET and CON combined. ^bResults of Kruskal-Wallis test for changes between baseline and 6 weeks (a real numerical value was computed for each individual) among the 3 groups of training. Wilcoxon’s signed-rank test for within group differences: **p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05 significantly different from baseline within group

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