Fig. 2
Effect of LPS and Pg on intracellular pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production in human monocytes. a to e Flow Cytometry analysis of human monocytes in healthy subjects, SMC, MCI, and AD patients conditioned with or without LPS, to measure IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF, IL-4, and IL-10 expression patterns. Monocytes were cultured in the absence ( - ) or presence ( + ) of LPS (100ng/ml) for 1 hr at 37°C, 5% CO2 air mixture. a IL-1β expression b IL-6 expression c TNF expression. d IL-4 expression. e. IL-10 expression Each dot corresponds to one individual. The results were calculated in every group by comparing the production of cytokines at their basal level and after stimulation with LPS. The data are presented as MFI ± SD. Statistical analyses were performed by Student t-testing to assess differences within each patient group. The asterisk corresponds to *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001, whilst ns indicates non-significance. f to j Flow Cytometry analysis of human monocytes in healthy subjects, SMC, MCI, and AD patients conditioned with or without Pg, to measure IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF, IL-4, and IL-10 expression patterns. Monocytes were cultured in the absence ( - ) or presence ( + ) of Pg supernatant (20 μg/ml) for 1 hr at 37°C, 5% CO2 air mixture. f IL-1β expression, g IL-6 expression, h TNF expression, i IL-4 expression., j. IL-10 expression. Each dot corresponds to one individual. The results were calculated in every group by comparing the production of cytokines at their basal level and after stimulation with Pg supernatant. The data are presented as a mean of MFI ± SD. Statistical analyses were performed by Student t-testing (Unpaired) to assess differences within each patient group. The asterisks correspond to *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001