Fig. 4
From: Inflammation and cell-to-cell communication, two related aspects in frailty
TNFα plasma levels significantly increase with frailty. (A) TNFα plasma levels are significantly higher in all Frail (Fr, n = 65) compared to nFr (n = 64) subjects (***p < 0.001). IL-6 plasma levels were analyzed according to gender separation; in (B) TNFα plasma levels in Fr male (n = 33) significantly increase compared to nFr male (n = 32) subjects (*p < 0.05). In (C) are reported data from Fr female (n = 32) compared to nFr female (n = 32) subjects, no significant differences were reported. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test (non-parametric) for comparisons between two groups using GraphPad Prism8 software. A p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant