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Fig. 1 | Immunity & Ageing

Fig. 1

From: The diseased kidney: aging and senescent immunology

Fig. 1

Characteristics of immunosenescence in innate and adaptive immunity. Many immune cell subpopulations are altered during immunosenescence. The mature CD56dim natural killer (NK) cell subsets with high cytotoxic activity are decreased, diminishing the ability to recognize and clear viral infection and tumor cells. Antigen processing and presentation capabilities of macrophages and APCs are also diminished. Declined naïve T cells output of the thymus and decreased antigen stimulation presented by APCs lead to declining T cell response. Fewer naïve B cells are stimulated and transform into plasma cells, thus humoral immunity is impaired. However, the number of memory T and B cells increases

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