Table 1. Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of the participants (n = 2,944)

n (%)

438 (14.9)

2,506 (85.1)

Age, years^*

68.07 ± 5.18

67.37 ± 4.57

0.004

Female, n (%) ^‡

220 (50.2)

1,420 (56.7)

0.012

Education level, n (%) ^‡

0.971

Junior high school or below

356 (81.3)

2,035 (81.2)

Senior high school and above

82 (18.7)

471 (18.8)

BMI, kg/m^2*

25.56 ± 3.24

25.84 ± 3.26

0.097

Drinking, n (%) ^‡

103 (23.5)

572 (22.8)

0.751

Smoking status, n (%) ^‡

0.257

Non-smoker

268 (61.2)

1,629 (65.0)

Ex-smoker

39 (8.9)

184 (7.3)

Current smoker

131 (29.9)

693 (27.7)

Hypertension, n (%) ^‡

177 (40.4)

1,091 (43.5)

0.223

Diabetes, n (%) ^‡

56 (12.8)

358 (14.3)

0.405

Hyperlipidemia, n (%) ^‡

33 (7.5)

206 (8.2)

0.628

Total PA, MET h/week^†

32.00 (11.55, 65.10)

37.10 (13.81, 74.20)

0.030

APOE ε4 n (%) ^‡

82 (18.7)

379 (15.1)

0.056

MMSE at baseline^*

24.82±3.51

26.48±3.09

<0.001

MMSE at follow-up^*

20.11 ± 3.67

25.41 ± 3.39

<0.001

ADL^*

15.44 ± 2.88

15.91 ± 5.30

0.870

Platelet counts (×10⁹/L)^*

204.87 ± 52.37

203.38 ± 54.11

0.595

Neutrophil counts (×10⁹/L)^*

60.43 ± 7.72

60.02 ± 9.11

0.326

Lymphocyte counts (×10⁹/L)^*

34.30 ± 7.73

34.37 ± 9.17

0.860

Monocyte counts (×10⁹/L)^†

4.30 (3.60, 5.90)

4.40 (3.50, 6.40)

0.588

SII^†

349.17 (266.05, 471.19)

354.31 (258.86, 470.17)

0.722

SIRI^†

7.95 (6.21, 10.70)

7.98 (5.96, 11.66)

0.390

LTL^*

1.31 ± 0.62

1.39 ± 0.72

0.048

mtDNAcn^*

0.73 ± 0.57

0.81 ± 0.65

0.015

DII^†

0.24 (-1.15, 1.82)

-0.09 (-1.53, 1.40)

0.005