Fig. 7

GA binding S100A8 improved cognitive levels of mice via the immune system. A Schematic design of immune reconstitution experiment in B-NDG mice with Lin⁻CD117⁺ HSCs, divided into the following groups: non-IR + PBS, IR + PBS (LV201 + PBS), IR + GA (LV201 + GA), IR-OEa8 + PBS (LV201-S100A8 + PBS), and IR-OEa8 (PM69) + GA (LV201-S100A8 (PM69) + GA. B Representative FACS plots and bar graphs showing CD3⁺ T cells in the spleens of mice in non-IR + PBS, IR + PBS, IR + GA, IR-OEa8 + PBS, and IR-OEa8 (PM69) + GA groups. C Walking paths tracked by software in non-IR + PBS, IR + PBS, IR + GA, IR-OEa8 + PBS, and IR-OEa8 (PM69) + GA groups of mice in the OFT. D Bar graphs showing times spent in the central area of the OFT in non-IR + PBS, IR + PBS, IR + GA, IR-OEa8 + PBS, and IR-OEa8 (PM69) + GA groups. E Experimental design of NOR. Bar graph of cognitive index statistics of mice in non-IR + PBS, IR + PBS, IR + GA, IR-OEa8 + PBS, and IR-OEa8 (PM69) + GA groups. Data represent mean ± SEM. non-IR + PBS, n = 4; IR + PBS, IR + GA, IR-OEa8 + PBS, and IR-OEa8 (PM69) + GA groups, n = 5, *P < 0. 05, **P < 0.01, ****P < 0.0001; ns, not significant vs. Ctrl