Fig. 4
Aging-dependent alterations in monocytes. A. Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection for Dimension Reduction (UMAP) plot of monocyte subclusters and the cell distribution in 3- and 21-month-old mouse samples (B). C. Expression of key marker genes of monocyte subcluster 0 (M0). D. Funnel plot shows the genes with downregulated and upregulated expression in the principal cells during aging (left panel). The top 10 genes with upregulated expression are marked. Gene Ontology terms of differentially expressed genes with upregulated expression in M0 are shown in the right panel. E. Representative genes related to the biological process of “Cell chemotaxis”. F. Immunohistochemical staining of Ccl8 in the epididymal initial segment of young and old mice. G. Expression of monocyte markers evaluated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction verification (n = 6). H. Inflammatory cytokines with significantly increased levels determined by antibody chip (n = 4)