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Table 1 Baseline anthropometric parameters of the eutrophic, overweight and obesity subjects

From: CXCL-16, IL-17, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) are associated with overweight and obesity conditions in middle-aged and elderly women

Ā 

Eutrophic

Overweight

Obesity

Ā 

Adult (nā€‰=ā€‰23) / Elderly (nā€‰=ā€‰23)

Adult (nā€‰=ā€‰20) / Elderly (nā€‰=ā€‰13)

Adult (nā€‰=ā€‰23) / Elderly (nā€‰=ā€‰15)

Age

40,0ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,2 / 71,5ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,4

40,1ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,5 / 64,0ā€‰Ā±ā€‰2,0

42,6ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,5 / 71,4ā€‰Ā±ā€‰2,1

Body mass (kg)

57,3ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,6 / 59,1ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,6

68,8ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,0* / 70,7ā€‰Ā±ā€‰2,1*

86,8ā€‰Ā±ā€‰2,6*# / 80,3ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,6*A#

BMI (Kg/m2)

21,8ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,4 / 23,6ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,4

27,2ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,2* / 28,26ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,3*

34,0ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,6*# / 33,2ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,5*#

TSF (mm)

17,0ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,1 / 18,4ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,4

25,8ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,3* / 24,0ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,4

32,2ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,5*# / 28,3ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,5*

AC (cm)

27,1ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,5 / 29,2ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,5

31,3ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,4* / 33,2ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,6*

36,4ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,7*# / 35,5ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,6*

AMC (cm)

21,7ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,5 / 23,4ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,3

23,2ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,4 / 25,7ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,5*A

26,0ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,5*# / 26,8ā€‰Ā±ā€‰0,5*

Waist (cm)

82,1ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,6 / 87,1ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,9

91,5ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,5* / 101,1ā€‰Ā±ā€‰2,2*A

107,7ā€‰Ā±ā€‰2,4*# / 102,9ā€‰Ā±ā€‰1,7*

  1. Values are shown as the meanā€‰Ā±ā€‰SEM. BMI body mass index, TSF Triceps skinfold, AC arm circumference, AMC arm muscle circumference. * pā€‰<ā€‰0.01 when eutrophic groups were compared with their respective chronological overweight (OW) or obesity (OB) groups; A pā€‰<ā€‰0.05 when adult and elderly were compared among in terms of eutrophic, OW or OB; # Pā€‰<ā€‰0.01 when OW were compared with OB inside the same chronological groups