NK cells of the oldest seniors represent constant and resistant to stimulation high expression of cellular protective proteins SIRT1 and HSP70

Natural killer cells (NK cells) are cytotoxic lymphocytes of innate immunity that reveal some immunoregulatory properties, however, their role in the process of ageing is not completely understood. The study a...

Authors: Lucyna Kaszubowska, Jerzy Foerster, Jan Jacek Kaczor, Daria Schetz, Tomasz Jerzy Ślebioda and Zbigniew Kmieć

Immune-inflammatory responses in the elderly: an update

Authors: Giulia Accardi and Calogero Caruso

Antibodies against 1940s era a/H1N1 influenza strains a/Weiss/43 and a/FM/1/47 and heterotypic responses after seasonal vaccination of an elderly Spanish population

Elderly people have experienced several influenza natural infections and seasonal vaccinations during their lives. The aim of this work was to evaluate in an elderly Spanish population the presence of antibodi...

Authors: Ivan Sanz, Silvia Rojo, Sonia Tamames, Jose María Eiros and Raúl Ortiz de Lejarazu

Gene and protein expression of CXCR4 in adult and elderly patients with chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis or sinusitis undergoing thermal water nasal inhalations

Chronic rhinitis, pharyngitis and sinusitis are common health problems with a significant impact on public health, and are suspected to be influenced by ageing factors. Nasal inhalation with thermal water may ...

Authors: Monica Neri, Luigi Sansone, Luisa Pietrasanta, Aliaksei Kisialiou, Eloisa Cabano, Marina Martini, Matteo A. Russo, Donatella Ugolini, Marco Tafani and Stefano Bonassi

Neuroinflammation and neurohormesis in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer-linked pathologies: modulation by nutritional mushrooms

Human life develops and expands not only in time and space, but also in the retrograde permanent recollection and interweaving of memories. Therefore, individual human identity depends fully on a proper access...

Authors: Angela Trovato Salinaro, Manuela Pennisi, Rosanna Di Paola, Maria Scuto, Rosalia Crupi, Maria Teresa Cambria, Maria Laura Ontario, Mario Tomasello, Maurizio Uva, Luigi Maiolino, Edward J. Calabrese, Salvatore Cuzzocrea and Vittorio Calabrese

Effects of a new nutraceutical combination on cognitive function in hypertensive patients

Chronic increased arterial blood pressure has been associated with executive dysfunction, slowing of attention and mental processing speed, and later with memory deficits. Due to the absence of a concrete ther...

Authors: Giuseppe Giugliano, Alessia Salemme, Sara De Longis, Marialuisa Perrotta, Valentina D’Angelosante, Alessandro Landolfi, Raffaele Izzo and Valentina Trimarco

Porphyromonas gingivalis, a periodontitis causing bacterium, induces memory impairment and age-dependent neuroinflammation in mice

A possible relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) has been reported. However, there is limited information on the association between the Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) periodon...

Authors: Ye Ding, Jingyi Ren, Hongqiang Yu, Weixian Yu and Yanmin Zhou

Interventions to restore appropriate immune function in the elderly

Advanced age is one indicator of likely immune dysfunction. As worldwide, the global population contains progressively more and more older individuals there is likelihood of an increased prevalence and inciden...

Authors: Richard Aspinall and Pierre Olivier Lang

Vaccines for the elderly: current use and future challenges

Age-related changes of the immune system contribute to increased incidence and severity of infections in the elderly. Vaccination is the most effective measure to prevent infections and vaccination recommendat...

Authors: Birgit Weinberger

The association of high sensitivity C-reactive protein and incident Alzheimer disease in patients 60 years and older: The HUNT study, Norway

With ageing, long-standing inflammation can be destructive, contributing to development of several disorders, among these Alzheimer’s disease (AD). C-reactive protein (CRP) is a relatively stable peripheral in...

Authors: Jessica Mira Gabin, Ingvild Saltvedt, Kristian Tambs and Jostein Holmen

Ageing: from inflammation to cancer

Ageing is the major risk factor for cancer development. Hallmark of the ageing process is represented by inflammaging, which is a chronic and systemic low-grade inflammatory process. Inflammation is also a hal...

Authors: Giulia C. Leonardi, Giulia Accardi, Roberto Monastero, Ferdinando Nicoletti and Massimo Libra

Molecular changes associated with increased TNF-α-induced apoptotis in naïve (T_N) and central memory (T_CM) CD8+ T cells in aged humans

Progressive T cell decline in aged humans is associated with a deficiency of naïve (T_N) and central memory (T_CM) T cells. We have previously reported increased Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-induced apoptosis in...

Authors: Sudhir Gupta, Houfen Su, Sudhanshu Agrawal and Sastry Gollapudi

Immunological and non-immunological mechanisms of allergic diseases in the elderly: biological and clinical characteristics

A better hygiene, a Westernized diet, air pollution, climate changes, and other factors that influence host microbiota, a key player in the induction and maintenance of immunoregulatory circuits and tolerance,...

Authors: Gabriele Di Lorenzo, Danilo Di Bona, Federica Belluzzo and Luigi Macchia

Immunosenescence in persons with spinal cord injury in relation to urinary tract infections -a cross-sectional study-

Individuals with a spinal cord injury (SCI), despite specialized rehabilitation and good health care, have a reduced life expectancy. Infectious diseases, such as pneumonias, infected pressure sores and urinar...

Authors: David Pavlicek, Jörg Krebs, Simona Capossela, Alessandro Bertolo, Britta Engelhardt, Jürgen Pannek and Jivko Stoyanov

Chlorinative stress in age-related diseases: a literature review

Aging is an agglomerate of biological long-lasting processes that result being inevitable. Main actors in this scenario are both long-term inflammation and oxidative stress. It has been proved that oxidative s...

Authors: Marco Casciaro, Eleonora Di Salvo, Elisabetta Pace, Elvira Ventura-Spagnolo, Michele Navarra and Sebastiano Gangemi

Prescription database analyses indicates that the asthma medicine montelukast might protect against dementia: a hypothesis to be verified

It has recently been shown that the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast rejuvenates aged brains in rats. The question is whether this commonly used, systemic, anti-asthmatic medicine has a similar effe...

Authors: Bjørn Grinde and Bo Engdahl

Ileal antimicrobial peptide expression is dysregulated in old age

In an effort to understand the mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of gastrointestinal tract disorders in old age, we investigated the expression of intestinal antimicrobial peptides in the terminal smal...

Authors: Sarah Tremblay, Nathalie Marie Louise Côté, Guillaume Grenier, Gabriella Duclos-Lasnier, Louis-Charles Fortier, Subburaj Ilangumaran and Alfredo Menendez

Altered activation state of circulating neutrophils in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Neutrophil dysfunction plays a key role in the development of diseases characterized by inflammation and angiogenesis. Here, we studied the systemic expression of neutrophil markers reflecting activation, adhe...

Authors: Marie Krogh Nielsen, Sven Magnus Hector, Kelly Allen, Yousif Subhi and Torben Lykke Sørensen

Influenza vaccine response in community-dwelling German prefrail and frail individuals

The age-related dysregulation of the immune system in older persons results in reduced responses to vaccination and greater susceptibility to infection, especially in frail individuals who suffer the greatest ...

Authors: Jürgen M. Bauer, Antonio De Castro, Nabil Bosco, Celine Romagny, Rebecca Diekmann, Jalil Benyacoub and Karine Vidal

Long-term maintenance of diphtheria-specific antibodies after booster vaccination is hampered by latent infection with Cytomegalovirus

Many currently used vaccines are less immunogenic in the elderly compared to young adults. The impact of latent infection with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) on vaccine-induced antibody responses has been discussed con...

Authors: Birgit Weinberger, Michael Keller and Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein

Transcriptomic profiles of aging in naïve and memory CD4⁺ cells from mice

CD4+ T cells can be broadly divided into naïve and memory subsets, each of which are differentially impaired by the aging process. It is unclear if and how these differences are reflected at the transcriptomic...

Authors: Jackson Taylor, Lindsay Reynolds, Li Hou, Kurt Lohman, Wei Cui, Stephen Kritchevsky, Charles McCall and Yongmei Liu

pERK-dependent defective TCR-mediated activation of CD4⁺ T cells in end-stage renal disease patients

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have an impaired immune response with a prematurely aged T-cell system. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (E...

Authors: Ling Huang, Nicolle H. R. Litjens, Nynke M. Kannegieter, Mariska Klepper, Carla C. Baan and Michiel G. H. Betjes

Evaluation of circulating sRAGE in osteoporosis according to BMI, adipokines and fracture risk: a pilot observational study

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease based on age-dependent imbalance between the rates of bone formation and bone resorption. Recent studies on the pathogenesis of this disease identified that bone re...

Authors: Emanuela Galliera, Monica Gioia Marazzi, Carmine Gazzaruso, Pietro Gallotti, Adriana Coppola, Tiziana Montalcini, Arturo Pujia and Massimiliano M. Corsi Romanelli

Age dependent accumulation patterns of advanced glycation end product receptor (RAGE) ligands and binding intensities between RAGE and its ligands differ in the liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle

Much evidence indicates receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) related inflammation play essential roles during aging. However, the majority of studies have focused on advanced glycation end produ...

Authors: Myeongjoo Son, Wook-Jin Chung, Seyeon Oh, Hyosang Ahn, Chang Hu Choi, Suntaek Hong, Kook Yang Park, Kuk Hui Son and Kyunghee Byun

Low expression of CD39 and CD73 genes in centenarians compared with octogenarians

Ageing involves a progressive decline of the body’s regulatory systems including immune system. Adenosine regulates immune function by interaction with its receptors, mainly adenosine A2A receptor, present on ...

Authors: Almudena Crooke, Juan Martínez-Henández, Joaquín Martínez-López, Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft, Fernando Huete-Toral and Jesús Pintor