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Table 2 (a-e) Changes in immunological parameters after NTM048 ingestion

From: Effects of chocolate containing Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NTM048 on immune function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Item

group

pre-ingetion

post-ingestion

p value

A

immunity score

Placebo

17.8 ± 1.9

17.8 ± 2.0

1.000

0.049#

NTM048

17.7 ± 1.9

18.6 ± 1.6

0.015*

B

CD8+ T cells (/μL)

Placebo

261 ± 98

264 ± 126

0.859

0.047#

NTM048

234 ± 125

293 ± 196

0.034*

CD8+CD28+ T cells (/μL)

Placebo

197 ± 72

197 ± 99

0.981

0.045#

NTM048

152 ± 67

179 ± 71

0.007*

memory T cells (/μL)

Placebo

468 ± 122

469 ± 123

0.938

0.022#

NTM048

477 ± 146

543 ± 166

0.006*

C

lymphocytes (/μL)

Placebo

1517 ± 283

1574 ± 327

0.238

0.094

NTM048

1549 ± 371

1835 ± 604

0.020*

CD3+ T cells (/μL)

Placebo

1113 ± 261

1154 ± 280

0.275

0.083

NTM048

1104 ± 239

1317 ± 507

0.022*

CD4+ T cells (/μL)

Placebo

748 ± 219

762 ± 225

0.560

0.094

NTM048

768 ± 243

841 ± 231

0.020*

T-lymphocyte age (years)

Placebo

52.6 ± 9.2

52.8 ± 9.9

0.815

0.085

NTM048

55.3 ± 8.8

54.0 ± 9.3

0.025*

Immunological age (years)

Placebo

52.5 ± 10.0

50.7 ± 9.4

0.131

0.511

NTM048

52.6 ± 11.5

49.9 ± 12.7

0.009*

D

T cell proliferative activity

Placebo

1.38 ± 0.2

1.51 ± 0.2

0.047*

0.804

NTM048

1.46 ± 0.2

1.53 ± 0.2

0.085

T-cells proliferation index (TCPI)

Placebo

1.56 ± 0.5

1.77 ± 0.6

0.037*

0.352

NTM048

1.62 ± 0.5

2.01 ± 0.8

0.017*

E

Neutrophils (/μL)

Placebo

2976 ± 860

2775 ± 731

0.380

0.941

NTM048

2554 ± 923

2757 ± 816

0.113

Naïve T cells (/μL)

Placebo

280 ± 119

293 ± 130

0.265

0.859

NTM048

291 ± 131

298 ± 121

0.714

B cells (/μL)

Placebo

230 ± 64

218 ± 65

0.269

0.040#

NTM048

265 ± 134

289 ± 136

0.163

NK cells (/μL)

Placebo

166 ± 71

187 ± 70

0.066

0.363

NTM048

200 ± 121

262 ± 258

0.257

CD4/CD8 T cells ratio

Placebo

3.47 ± 2.2

4.54 ± 5.2

0.156

0.118

NTM048

5.79 ± 7.6

4.44 ± 4.4

0.139

Naive/Memory T cell ratio

Placebo

0.60 ± 0.2

0.63 ± 0.2

0.377

0.166

NTM048

0.63 ± 0.3

0.58 ± 0.2

0.228

immunity grade

Placebo

2.80 ± 0.4

2.80 ± 0.5

1.000

0.302

NTM048

2.82 ± 0.4

2.95 ± 0.5

0.186

NK cells activity (%)

Placebo

48.0 ± 19.0

46.6 ± 16.6

0.452

0.470

NTM048

48.9 ± 13.4

50.1 ± 16.4

0.754

IFN-γ (pg/mL)

Placebo

13.5 ± 41.8

22.3 ± 83.4

0.359

0.345

NTM048

3.12 ± 3.4

3.64 ± 4.1

0.164

  1. Values are mean ± SD
  2. *:p < 0.05, comparison between pre-ingestion and post-ingestion, paired t-test
  3. #:p < 0.05, comparison between groups using Student’s t-test or analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) depending on distribution of data
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Immunity & Ageing

ISSN: 1742-4933

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