Fig. 4

Functional respiring mitochondria were low in SEV from plasma of HCs. MitoTracker™ Deep Red FM was used to stain functional respiring mitochondria in the separated plasma EVs. After staining, the EVs were re-pelleted by ExoQuick, and unbound dye was removed. The percentages of MitoTracker⁺ EVs and the MFI of MitoTracker in gated LEV, MEV and SEV were determined by Flow Cytometry. a Representative histograms of MitoTracker expression in gated EV subsets from one HC. b Summary of MitoTracker expression in plasma EV subsets from HCs (n = 28). Comparisons were performed using a Friedman test with Dunn’s multiple comparisons test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001