Fig. 2

Exercise improves cognitive function and reverses hippocampal neuron loss in aging mice. A The escape latency of mice to the platform during the acquisition phase. (n = 8–10 per group). B Representative track images of each group mice in day 6 probe trial test. C The mean swimming speed of each group mice in day 6 probe trial test (n = 8–10 per group). D Representative images of HE staining in various brain regions (magnification 400 ×). E Representative images of Nissl staining in various brain regions (magnification 400 ×). F The number of living neurons of hippocampus and prefrontal cortex in mice (n = 6 per group). Data are means ± SD. ^#p < 0.05, ^##p < 0.01, ^###p < 0.001 vs. 4 Mon group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 in vs. 15 Mon group; *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 in vs. 20 Mon group in A and F; ns-not significant in C. Statistical analysis was performed using two-way (A) and or one-way (C, F) ANOVA, followed by Tukey’s multiple comparisons test