Table 2 Therapeutic potential of NAD + in clinical trials on aging-related conditions

NCT03310034

Trp, NA, NAM

To evaluate the effect of NAD + precursors on mitochondrial function, energy metabolism and physical function

Adults aged 65 to 75 years will take 207.5 mg niacin equivalents or placebo daily for 31 days

Aging

Mitochondrial function

NCT03818802

NR

To evaluate the effect of NR in bone, skeletal muscle and metabolic functions in aging

Elderly female volunteers aged 65 to 80 years will take 1000 mg of NR or placebo daily for 6 months

Aging

NCT05483465

NR

To evaluate the effect of NR supplementation on brain vascular health in aging

Adults aged 65 to 80 years in the community will take 1000 mg of NR or placebo daily for 8 weeks

Aging

NCT04907110

NR

To evaluate the effects of exercise training combined with NR supplementation on metabolic health in older individuals

Adults aged 65 to 80 years with a BMI between 25–35 kg/m² will take 1000 mg of NR or placebo daily for 40 days

Overweight and obesity

Aging

Type 2 diabetes

NCT02921659

NR

To evaluate the efficacy of NR for improving physiological function

For adults aged 55 to 80 years, a placebo crossover will precede a 6-week intervention with 500 mg of NR twice daily

Aging

NCT03821623

NR

To evaluate the efficacy of NR for targeting elevated systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness

Healthy adults older than 50 years will take 250 or 1000 mg NR or placebo daily for 3 months

Aging

NCT04040959

NR

To evaluate the efficacy of NR for targeting arterial stiffness and elevated systolic blood pressure

Moderate to severe chronic kidney disease patients aged 35 to 80 years will take 500 mg NR or placebo daily for 3 months

Vascular diseases

Kidney disease

Blood pressure

Oxidative stress

NCT04110028

NR

To investigate whether NR can shorten the recovery phase and improve outcome after acute illness

Patients with acute illness over 18 years old will take NR or placebo 50,500,1000 and 2000 mg daily, and each dose lasts for 90 days

Inflammation

Acute illness

NCT04220658

/

To evaluate correlations between epigenetic aging and NAD⁺ levels

Biomarkers of aging including NAD⁺ levels in whole blood, interleukins, inflammatory cytokines, growth factors, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and patterns in DNA methylation will be measured in adults aged 25 to 80 years old

Epigenetics

NCT05593939

NR

To investigate whether NR can slow aging in human

Healthy adults older than 65 years will be randomized into either an aerobic exercise, time-restricted feeding, NR (2000 mg/day) or control group and followed for 12 weeks

Aging

NCT03501433

NR

To evaluate the effects of NR on metabolism and vascular function

Young (18–35) and older (60–75) adults will take 500 mg NR or placebo daily for 7 days

Aging

Lipemia

NCT03432871

NR

To investigate the role of NR in mitochondrial biogenesis

Mitochondrial disease patients aged 18 to 70 years will take 10 mg/kg body weight NR daily for 4 weeks

Mitochondrial diseases

Mitochondrial myopathies

Mitochondrial DNA deletion

NCT03151239

NMN

To evaluate the effect of NMN on risk factors for diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Postmenopausal and prediabetes women aged 55 to 75 years will take 250 mg NMN or placebo daily for 8

Glucose metabolism disorder

NCT04228640

NMN

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Uthever (NMN)

Adults aged 45 to 60 years will take 300 mg NMN or placebo daily for 60 days

Aging

NCT04823260

NMN

To evaluate the efficacy and safety of NMN as an anti-aging supplement

Adults aged 40 to 65 years will take 300–900 mg NMN or placebo daily for 60 days

Aging