Fig. 2

Mesenchymal cells had increased senescence-related gene expression in oral lichen planus. (a) UMAP plot of buccal mucosa cells from control, EOLP, and NEOLP patients, colored by cell clusters. (b) Heatmap of top differentially expressed genes in each cell cluster). (c) Heatmap of the ssGSEA enrichment scores for seven senescence-related gene sets. Higher ssGSEA enrichment scores are depicted in red, and genes with lower expression are depicted in blue. (d) Violin plot of mean ssGSEA enrichment scores for seven senescence-related gene sets in each cell cluster and disease. UMAP, uniform manifold approximation and projection; EOLP, erosive oral lichen planus; NEOLP, non-erosive oral lichen planus; ssGSEA, single-sample gene set enrichment analysis