Fig. 3

Aging enhances the immune response of B cells, but reduces the response to new antigens. A UMAP plot showing the BC subsets of hematopoietic Immune system in scRNA-seq. B The heatmap showing scaled expression of discriminative gene sets for BC subsets. C The dot plot showing the proportion of BC subsets between two groups. D Pseudotime trajectory analysis of BC subsets between two groups. Cells are arranged by Pseudotime. E Percentages of BC along the pseudotime for two groups. F Expression transition of Sox4, Bcl7a, Xbp1, Jchain, S100a6, and Slpi in BC subsets along the pseudotime. G Violin plot showing the SASP signaling score between two groups in BC. H Violin plot showing the SASP signaling score among cell types in TC of 20M group. I UpSet plot showing the integrated comparative analysis of upregulated DEGs in BC subsets. J Representative GO biological process and pathways enriched in upregulated DEGs in BC. Significance in J was calculated using wilcoxon test; ****P < 0.0001