Fig. 1

Ovary undergoes aging at an earlier stage compared to the liver and uterus. A Representative images of senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) staining in murine ovarian sections, with corresponding scale bars provided for each image. B Quantitative assessment of the SA-β-gal-positive area in ovarian tissues from 3-month (3 m), 6-month (6 m), and 9-month (9 m) mice (n = 6 for each group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. C Representative immunohistochemical images showing the expression of p16 and p21 in murine ovarian tissues. D Representative SA-β-gal staining images in the uterus and liver sections of mice at 200 × magnification