Fig. 5

Aging-induced decline in ovarian macrophages phagocytosis. A Flow cytometry analysis was performed to assess the surface expression of scavenger receptors CD36, CD204, and CD68 on macrophages from the ovaries of mice at 3 months (3 m), and 9 months (9 m) of age. The resulting bar charts illustrate the proportion of phagocytic CD36⁺, CD204⁺, and CD68⁺ cells within the total macrophage population (CD11b⁺/F4/80⁺), with a sample size of n = 5 for each group. B H₂O₂-indecued aging macrophages (FITC) were incubated with aging KGN (PE) (at 1:2 ratio) for 3 h. Representative flow cytometry plots was presented and phagocytosis was analyzed by flow cytometry (n = 4, respectively). Ctrl: control group. C Representative flow cytometry plots illustrating the proportions of macrophages within immune cells populations in the follicular fluid (FF) of individuals with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and controls (Ctrl). Quantitative analysis of flow cytometry data, presenting the proportion of macrophages (Mφ) within the immune cell population (n = 6, respectively). D Representative flow cytometry plots illustrating the proportions of SA-β-gal⁺ cells within macrophages in the FF of DOR patients and Ctrl. Additionally, statistical analyses were conducted on these samples (n = 6 for each group). E Representative immunofluorescence images depicting CD68 expression within the FF of DOR and Ctrl individuals. F Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis performed on biological processes between young (control group) and aging primate ovaries macrophages in the dataset GSE130664. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001