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Table 3 Median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of activated, senescence, and inhibitory checkpoints expressed by circulating T and NK cells. Group comparisons were performed by One-Way (ANOVA) or Kruskal-Wallis

From: Excess of body weight is associated with accelerated T-cell senescence in hospitalized COVID-19 patients

Subsets

Controls

n = 11

COVID-19

Overweight

n = 22

Obese

n = 28

P-value

 

CD3+

     

CD3+

1744 (1199–2444)

1580 (1134–2548)

1570 (1049–2686)

0.3920

 

CD38+

1023 (637–1573)

471.5 (258–903) A

511.0 (165–951) A

0.0001

 

HLA-DR+

3356 (1309–7709)

951.0 (71.4–3261) A

1070 (62.8–6944) A

0.0001

 

CD25+

254.0 (233–1754)

528.0 (264–1523)

752 (358–2181)

0.2710

 

CD57+

0.60 (0.0–28.6)

0.60 (0.0–28.6)

0.60 (0.0–28.6)

0.6880

 

NKG2A+

770.0 (180–13,318)

590.5 (410–7946)

551.0 (300–2291)

0.7930

 

NKG2D+

983.0 (738–242,647)

875.5 (625–1212)

782.5 (692–2654) A

0.0282

 

CD3+CD4+

     

CD27+

2990 (1351–4919)

5437 (2214–7652) A

5348 (2951–6922) A

0.0001

 

CD28+

3126 (2159–6627)

594.5 (339–2103) A

615.0 (256–1158) A

0.0001

 

CD57+

190.0 (143–4662)

9252 (337–52,204) A

12,476 (164–46,083) A

0.0003

 

NKG2D+

869 (627–1048)

821 (650–4919)

837 (658–10,422)

0.2850

 

CD45RA+

655.0 (332–14,299)

1696 (917–8246)

1783 (1207–4200)

0.4070

 

PD-1+

928.0 (103–3366)

96.5 (69.3–2670) A

97.30 (69.3-10423) A

0.0033

 

TIM-3+

1699 (1248–3289)

1413 (1101–3969)

1572 (1101–4123)

0.6190

 

LAG-3+

710.0 (552–1646)

609 (306–1518)

529.5 (335–1585) A

0.0429

 

CTLA-4+

703.0 (452–2984)

550.5 (397–4048)

179.0 (397–4048)

0.6380

 

CD3+CD8+

     

CD27+

2122 (780–4794)

5250 (359–8048) A

5326 (573–6922) A

0.0002

 

CD28+

2215 (1790–2545)

351.0 (198–1025) A

375.5 (164–715) A

0.0001

 

CD57+

4976 (812–21,010)

16,619 (5007–32,721) A

12,512 (2355–32,406) A

0.0035

 

NKG2A+

1585 (682–4097)

1267 (781–15,112)

1091 (793–2807)

0.7100

 

NKG2D+

1107 (789–3362)

1099 (1072–1839)

1130 (987–1334)

0.5440

 

CD45RA+

891.0 (332–12,824)

3260 (1003–25,702)

3282 (575–8213)

0.7930

 

PD-1+

1114 (58.6–3366)

686.5 (0.0–39,226)

1596 (271–26,750)

0.5930

 

TIM-3+

2104 (1699–3289)

1960 (1601–2781)

2052 (1457–5111)

0.3120

 

LAG-3+

687.0 (0.0–1235)

624.5 (481–1696)

615.0 (0.0–1920)

0.9200

 

CTLA-4+

966.0 (776–2984)

1214 (0.0–8405)

1238 (0.0–3851)

0.7120

 

CD3-CD56+

     

CD57+

1049 (490–3808)

1900 (512–25,580)

1297 (366–7663)

0.3440

 

NKG2A+

3990 (724–11,952)

1369 (640–11,698)

1400 (989–11,563) A

0.0178

 

NKG2D+

1062 (788–2818)

1040 (782–2612)

1162 (673–2819)

0.8390

 

PD-1+

666.0 (541–974)

673.0 (510–4080)

622.5 (487–1256)

0.8650

 
  1. Data are presented as mean (min - max). A Denotes statistical difference compared to Controls (p < 0.05). B Denotes statistical difference compared to COVID-19 overweight (p < 0.05)