Articles

Chlorinative stress in age-related diseases: a literature review

Aging is an agglomerate of biological long-lasting processes that result being inevitable. Main actors in this scenario are both long-term inflammation and oxidative stress. It has been proved that oxidative s...

Authors: Marco Casciaro, Eleonora Di Salvo, Elisabetta Pace, Elvira Ventura-Spagnolo, Michele Navarra and Sebastiano Gangemi

Prescription database analyses indicates that the asthma medicine montelukast might protect against dementia: a hypothesis to be verified

It has recently been shown that the leukotriene receptor antagonist montelukast rejuvenates aged brains in rats. The question is whether this commonly used, systemic, anti-asthmatic medicine has a similar effe...

Authors: Bjørn Grinde and Bo Engdahl

Ileal antimicrobial peptide expression is dysregulated in old age

In an effort to understand the mechanisms underlying the high prevalence of gastrointestinal tract disorders in old age, we investigated the expression of intestinal antimicrobial peptides in the terminal smal...

Authors: Sarah Tremblay, Nathalie Marie Louise Côté, Guillaume Grenier, Gabriella Duclos-Lasnier, Louis-Charles Fortier, Subburaj Ilangumaran and Alfredo Menendez

Altered activation state of circulating neutrophils in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Neutrophil dysfunction plays a key role in the development of diseases characterized by inflammation and angiogenesis. Here, we studied the systemic expression of neutrophil markers reflecting activation, adhe...

Authors: Marie Krogh Nielsen, Sven Magnus Hector, Kelly Allen, Yousif Subhi and Torben Lykke Sørensen

Influenza vaccine response in community-dwelling German prefrail and frail individuals

The age-related dysregulation of the immune system in older persons results in reduced responses to vaccination and greater susceptibility to infection, especially in frail individuals who suffer the greatest ...

Authors: Jürgen M. Bauer, Antonio De Castro, Nabil Bosco, Celine Romagny, Rebecca Diekmann, Jalil Benyacoub and Karine Vidal

Long-term maintenance of diphtheria-specific antibodies after booster vaccination is hampered by latent infection with Cytomegalovirus

Many currently used vaccines are less immunogenic in the elderly compared to young adults. The impact of latent infection with Cytomegalovirus (CMV) on vaccine-induced antibody responses has been discussed con...

Authors: Birgit Weinberger, Michael Keller and Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein

Transcriptomic profiles of aging in naïve and memory CD4⁺ cells from mice

CD4+ T cells can be broadly divided into naïve and memory subsets, each of which are differentially impaired by the aging process. It is unclear if and how these differences are reflected at the transcriptomic...

Authors: Jackson Taylor, Lindsay Reynolds, Li Hou, Kurt Lohman, Wei Cui, Stephen Kritchevsky, Charles McCall and Yongmei Liu

pERK-dependent defective TCR-mediated activation of CD4⁺ T cells in end-stage renal disease patients

Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have an impaired immune response with a prematurely aged T-cell system. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (E...

Authors: Ling Huang, Nicolle H. R. Litjens, Nynke M. Kannegieter, Mariska Klepper, Carla C. Baan and Michiel G. H. Betjes

Evaluation of circulating sRAGE in osteoporosis according to BMI, adipokines and fracture risk: a pilot observational study

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic disease based on age-dependent imbalance between the rates of bone formation and bone resorption. Recent studies on the pathogenesis of this disease identified that bone re...

Authors: Emanuela Galliera, Monica Gioia Marazzi, Carmine Gazzaruso, Pietro Gallotti, Adriana Coppola, Tiziana Montalcini, Arturo Pujia and Massimiliano M. Corsi Romanelli

Age dependent accumulation patterns of advanced glycation end product receptor (RAGE) ligands and binding intensities between RAGE and its ligands differ in the liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle

Much evidence indicates receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) related inflammation play essential roles during aging. However, the majority of studies have focused on advanced glycation end produ...

Authors: Myeongjoo Son, Wook-Jin Chung, Seyeon Oh, Hyosang Ahn, Chang Hu Choi, Suntaek Hong, Kook Yang Park, Kuk Hui Son and Kyunghee Byun

Low expression of CD39 and CD73 genes in centenarians compared with octogenarians

Ageing involves a progressive decline of the body’s regulatory systems including immune system. Adenosine regulates immune function by interaction with its receptors, mainly adenosine A2A receptor, present on ...

Authors: Almudena Crooke, Juan Martínez-Henández, Joaquín Martínez-López, Alfonso Cruz-Jentoft, Fernando Huete-Toral and Jesús Pintor

Herpes virus seroepidemiology in the adult Swedish population

Herpes viruses establish a life-long latency and can cause symptoms during both first-time infection and later reactivation. The aim of the present study was to describe the seroepidemiology of Herpes simplex ...

Authors: Jan Olsson, Eloise Kok, Rolf Adolfsson, Hugo Lövheim and Fredrik Elgh

Transcriptomic evidence of a para-inflammatory state in the middle aged lumbar spinal cord

We have previously reported elevated expression of multiple pro-inflammatory markers in the lumbar spinal cord (LSC) of middle-aged male rats compared to young adults suggesting a para-inflammatory state devel...

Authors: William Galbavy, Yong Lu, Martin Kaczocha, Michelino Puopolo, Lixin Liu and Mario J. Rebecchi

Immunogenicity and safety of a respiratory syncytial virus fusion protein (RSV F) nanoparticle vaccine in older adults

A preventative strategy for Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) infection constitutes an under-recognized unmet medical need among older adults. Four formulations of a novel recombinant RSV F nanoparticle vaccin...

Authors: Louis Fries, Vivek Shinde, Jeffrey J. Stoddard, D. Nigel Thomas, Eloi Kpamegan, Hanxin Lu, Gale Smith, Somia P. Hickman, Pedro Piedra and Gregory M. Glenn

The anti-ageing molecule sirt1 mediates beneficial effects of cardiac rehabilitation

An exercise-based Cardiac Rehabilitation Programme (CRP) is established as adjuvant therapy in heart failure (HF), nevertheless it is underutilized, especially in the elderly. While the functional and hemodyna...

Authors: Giusy Russomanno, Graziamaria Corbi, Valentina Manzo, Nicola Ferrara, Giuseppe Rengo, Annibale A. Puca, Salvatore Latte, Albino Carrizzo, Maria Consiglia Calabrese, Ramaroson Andriantsitohaina, Walter Filippelli, Carmine Vecchione, Amelia Filippelli and Valeria Conti

CXCL-16, IL-17, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) are associated with overweight and obesity conditions in middle-aged and elderly women

The current concept of overweight/obesity is most likely related to a combination of increased caloric intake and decreased energy expenditure. Widespread inflammation, associated with both conditions, appears...

Authors: Silvana Mara Turbino Luz Ribeiro, Laís Roquete Lopes, Guilherme de Paula Costa, Vivian Paulino Figueiredo, Deena Shrestha, Aline Priscila Batista, Roney Luiz de Carvalho Nicolato, Fernando Luiz Pereira de Oliveira, Juliana Assis Silva Gomes and Andre Talvani

Changes in peripheral immune cell numbers and functions in octogenarian walkers – an acute exercise study

Age-related changes of the immune system, termed immunosenescence, may underlie the increased risk of infections and morbidity in the elderly. Little is known about the effects of acute exercise on peripheral ...

Authors: Kornelis S. M. van der Geest, Qi Wang, Thijs M. H. Eijsvogels, Hans J. P. Koenen, Irma Joosten, Elisabeth Brouwer, Maria T. E. Hopman, Joannes F. M. Jacobs and Annemieke M. H. Boots

Erratum to: Frailty has a stronger association with inflammation than age in older veterans

Authors: P. Van Epps, D. Oswald, P. A. Higgins, T. R. Hornick, H. Aung, R. E. Banks, B. M. Wilson, C. Burant, S. Gravenstein and D. H. Canaday

Expression of cellular protective proteins SIRT1, HSP70 and SOD2 correlates with age and is significantly higher in NK cells of the oldest seniors

NK cells are key effector lymphocytes of innate immunity provided with constitutive cytolytic activity, however, their role in human ageing is not entirely understood. The study aimed to analyze the expression...

Authors: Lucyna Kaszubowska, Jerzy Foerster, Jan Jacek Kaczor, Daria Schetz, Tomasz Jerzy Ślebioda and Zbigniew Kmieć

Lifewide profile of cytokine production by innate and adaptive immune cells from Brazilian individuals

Immunosenescence is associated with several changes in adaptive and innate immune cells. Altered cytokine production is among the most prominent of these changes. The impact of age-related alterations on cytok...

Authors: Gabriela Silveira-Nunes, Elaine Speziali, Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho, Danielle M. Vitelli-Avelar, Renato Sathler-Avelar, Taciana Figueiredo-Soares, Maria Luiza Silva, Vanessa Peruhype-Magalhães, Daniel Gonçalves Chaves, Gustavo Eustáquio Brito-Melo, Glenda Meira Cardoso, Eric Bassetti Soares, Silvana Maria Elói-Santos, Rosângela Teixeira, Dulciene Magalhães Queiroz, Rodrigo Corrêa-Oliveira…

A pilot observational study on magnesium and calcium imbalance in elderly patients with acute aortic dissection

Magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) are the principal essential elements involved in endothelial cell homeostasis. Extracellular changes in the levels of either alter endothelial contraction and dilatation. Conseq...

Authors: E. Vianello, E. Dozio, A. Barassi, G. Sammarco, L. Tacchini, M. M. Marrocco-Trischitta, S. Trimarchi and M. M. Corsi Romanelli

Frailty has a stronger association with inflammation than age in older veterans

Upregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines has not only been associated with increased morbidity and mortality in older adults but also has been linked to frailty. In the current study we aimed to compare the ...

Authors: P. Van Epps, D. Oswald, P. A. Higgins, T. R. Hornick, H. Aung, R. E. Banks, B. M. Wilson, C. Burant, S. Gravenstein and D. H. Canaday

Booster vaccination against tetanus and diphtheria: insufficient protection against diphtheria in young and elderly adults

We have recently demonstrated that single shot vaccinations against tetanus and diphtheria do not lead to long-lasting immunity against diphtheria in elderly persons despite administration at 5 year intervals....

Authors: Marco Grasse, Andreas Meryk, Michael Schirmer, Beatrix Grubeck-Loebenstein and Birgit Weinberger

The inflammatory protein Pentraxin 3 in cardiovascular disease

The acute phase protein Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) plays a non-redundant role as a soluble pattern recognition receptor for selected pathogens and it represents a rapid biomarker for primary local activation of innate...

Authors: Francesco Fornai, Albino Carrizzo, Maurizio Forte, Mariateresa Ambrosio, Antonio Damato, Michela Ferrucci, Francesca Biagioni, Carla Busceti, Annibale A. Puca and Carmine Vecchione

Changes in blood lymphocyte numbers with age in vivo and their association with the levels of cytokines/cytokine receptors

Alterations in the number and composition of lymphocytes and their subsets in blood are considered a hallmark of immune system aging. However, it is unknown whether the rates of change of lymphocytes are stabl...

Authors: Yun Lin, Jiewan Kim, E. Jeffrey Metter, Huy Nguyen, Thai Truong, Ana Lustig, Luigi Ferrucci and Nan-ping Weng

Redox modulation of cellular stress response and lipoxin A4 expression by Hericium Erinaceus in rat brain: relevance to Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis

There has been a recent upsurge of interest in complementary medicine, especially dietary supplements and foods functional in delaying the onset of age-associated neurodegenerative diseases. Mushrooms have lon...

Authors: A. Trovato, R. Siracusa, R. Di Paola, M. Scuto, M. L. Ontario, Ornella Bua, Paola Di Mauro, M. A. Toscano, C. C. T. Petralia, L. Maiolino, A. Serra, S. Cuzzocrea and Vittorio Calabrese

Elastic band resistance training influences transforming growth factor-ß receptor I mRNA expression in peripheral mononuclear cells of institutionalised older adults: the Vienna Active Ageing Study (VAAS)

Ageing, inactivity and obesity are associated with chronic low-grade inflammation contributing to a variety of lifestyle-related diseases. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is a multimodal protein with vari...

Authors: Barbara Schober-Halper, Marlene Hofmann, Stefan Oesen, Bernhard Franzke, Thomas Wolf, Eva-Maria Strasser, Norbert Bachl, Michael Quittan, Karl-Heinz Wagner and Barbara Wessner

Interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein, successful aging, and mortality: the PolSenior study

In the elderly, chronic low-grade inflammation (inflammaging) is a risk factor for the development of aging-related diseases and frailty. Using data from several thousand Eastern Europeans aged 65 years and ol...

Authors: Monika Puzianowska-Kuźnicka, Magdalena Owczarz, Katarzyna Wieczorowska-Tobis, Pawel Nadrowski, Jerzy Chudek, Przemyslaw Slusarczyk, Anna Skalska, Marta Jonas, Edward Franek and Malgorzata Mossakowska

The prognostic value of biomarkers in stroke

Ischemic injury triggers inflammatory cascades and changes in the protein synthesis, neurotransmitters and neuro-hormones in the brain parenchyma that may further amplify the tissue damage. The “Triage® Stroke...

Authors: Francesco Iemolo, Enzo Sanzaro, Giovanni Duro, Antonello Giordano and Maurizio Paciaroni

Role of androgens in dhea-induced rack1 expression and cytokine modulation in monocytes

Over the past fifteen years, we have demonstrated that cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) have opposite effects on the regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the context of the immune system....

Authors: Emanuela Corsini, Valentina Galbiati, Angela Papale, Elena Kummer, Antonella Pinto, Melania M. Serafini, Antonio Guaita, Roberto Spezzano, Donatella Caruso, Marina Marinovich and Marco Racchi

Nutrigerontology: a key for achieving successful ageing and longevity

During the last two centuries the average lifespan has increased at a rate of approximately 3 months/year in both sexes, hence oldest old people are becoming the population with the fastest growth in Western W...

Authors: Anna Aiello, Giulia Accardi, Giuseppina Candore, Giuseppe Carruba, Sergio Davinelli, Giuseppe Passarino, Giovanni Scapagnini, Sonya Vasto and Calogero Caruso

Effects of thermal water inhalation in chronic upper respiratory tract infections in elderly and young patients

Chronic upper respiratory tract infections (cURTI) are very frequent illnesses which occur at any age of life. In elderly, cURTI are complicated by immunosenescence, with involvement of lung immune responsiven...

Authors: Thea Magrone, Mauro Galantino, Nunzio Di Bitonto, Luisella Borraccino, Gerardo Chiaromonte and Emilio Jirillo

The insulin receptor substrate Chico regulates antibacterial immune function in Drosophila

Molecular and genetic studies in model organisms have recently revealed a dynamic interplay between immunity and ageing mechanisms. In the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, inhibition of the insulin/insulin-like...

Authors: Sarah McCormack, Shruti Yadav, Upasana Shokal, Eric Kenney, Dustin Cooper and Ioannis Eleftherianos

Dietary phytochemicals and neuro-inflammaging: from mechanistic insights to translational challenges

An extensive literature describes the positive impact of dietary phytochemicals on overall health and longevity. Dietary phytochemicals include a large group of non-nutrients compounds from a wide range of pla...

Authors: Sergio Davinelli, Michael Maes, Graziamaria Corbi, Armando Zarrelli, Donald Craig Willcox and Giovanni Scapagnini

β-glucans: ex vivo inflammatory and oxidative stress results after pasta intake

It is well known that Mediterranean Diet can positively influence the health of each individual, in particular it is know that fibers have an important role. However, in Mediterranean cities most people do not...

Authors: Annalisa Barera, Silvio Buscemi, Roberto Monastero, Calogero Caruso, Rosalia Caldarella, Marcello Ciaccio and Sonya Vasto

Nutrition, aging and cancer: lessons from dietary intervention studies

There is convincing epidemiological and clinical evidence that, independent of aging, lifestyle and, notably, nutrition are associated with development or progression of major human cancers, including breast, ...

Authors: Giuseppe Carruba, Letizia Cocciadiferro, Antonietta Di Cristina, Orazia M. Granata, Cecilia Dolcemascolo, Ildegarda Campisi, Maurizio Zarcone, Maria Cinquegrani and Adele Traina

Human longevity: Genetics or Lifestyle? It takes two to tango

Healthy aging and longevity in humans are modulated by a lucky combination of genetic and non-genetic factors. Family studies demonstrated that about 25 % of the variation in human longevity is due to genetic ...

Authors: Giuseppe Passarino, Francesco De Rango and Alberto Montesanto

Nutraceutical effects of table green olives: a pilot study with Nocellara del Belice olives

The aim of this study was to analyse the nutraceutical properties of table green olives Nocellara del Belice, a traditional Mediterranean food. The Mediterranean Diet has as key elements olives and extra virgin o...

Authors: Giulia Accardi, Anna Aiello, Valeria Gargano, Caterina Maria Gambino, Santo Caracappa, Sandra Marineo, Gesualdo Vesco, Ciriaco Carru, Angelo Zinellu, Maurizio Zarcone, Calogero Caruso and Giuseppina Candore

HCV monoinfection and HIV/HCV coinfection enhance T-cell immune senescence in injecting drug users early during infection

Injecting drug users (IDU) are at premature risk of developing multimorbidity and mortality from causes commonly observed in the elderly. Ageing of the immune system (immune-senescence) can lead to premature m...

Authors: Bart P. X. Grady, Nening M. Nanlohy and Debbie van Baarle

Acute phase of aortic dissection: a pilot study on CD40L, MPO, and MMP-1, -2, 9 and TIMP-1 circulating levels in elderly patients

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is an event which may be rapidly fatal without early diagnosis and treatment. Aging is one of the main risk factors that could leading to AAD. To date, no specific biomarkers are ...

Authors: E. Vianello, E. Dozio, R. Rigolini, M. M. Marrocco-Trischitta, L. Tacchini, S. Trimarchi and M. M. Corsi Romanelli

Antibodies to the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1 occur with highest frequency in centenarians

Recently, phage display technology has made it possible to define the circulating repertoire of humoral immunity. This study was designed to define the circulating antibodies specific to centenarians.

Authors: Jungwon Han, So-Hyun Park, Dong-Jo Kim, Hyori Kim, Yoon-Ho Choi, Jong-Hyuk Lee, Sang Chul Park and Junho Chung

TLR-6 SNP P249S is associated with healthy aging in nonsmoking Eastern European Caucasians - A cohort study

To investigate mechanisms that determine healthy aging is of major interest in the modern world marked by longer life expectancies. In addition to lifestyle and environmental factors genetic factors also play ...

Authors: Lutz Hamann, Jasmin Bustami, Leonid Iakoubov, Malgorzata Szwed, Malgorzata Mossakowska, Ralf R. Schumann and Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka

Effect of a synbiotic on the response to seasonal influenza vaccination is strongly influenced by degree of immunosenescence

Ageing increases risk of respiratory infections and impairs the response to influenza vaccination. Pre- and probiotics offer an opportunity to modulate anti-viral defenses and the response to vaccination via a...

Authors: Agnieszka Przemska-Kosicka, Caroline E. Childs, Sumia Enani, Catherine Maidens, Honglin Dong, Iman Bin Dayel, Kieran Tuohy, Susan Todd, Margot A. Gosney and Parveen Yaqoob

Cellular immune activity biomarker neopterin is associated hyperlipidemia: results from a large population-based study

Increased serum neopterin had been described in older age two decades ago. Neopterin is a biomarker of systemic adaptive immune activation that could be potentially implicated in metabolic syndrome (MetS). Mea...

Authors: Shu-Chun Chuang, Heiner Boeing, Stein Emil Vollset, Øivind Midttun, Per Magne Ueland, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Martin Lajous, Guy Fagherazzi, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, Rudolf Kaaks, Tilman Küehn, Tobias Pischon, Dagmar Drogan, Anne Tjønneland, Kim Overvad, J Ramón Quirós…

Higher plasma levels of complement C3a, C4a and C5a increase the risk of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular age-related macular degeneration

The aim of this study was to investigate the plasma levels of complement C3a, C4a, and C5a in different types of neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and whether the levels were related to patie...

Authors: Judith Lechner, Mei Chen, Ruth E. Hogg, Levente Toth, Giuliana Silvestri, Usha Chakravarthy and Heping Xu

Efforts of the human immune system to maintain the peripheral CD8+ T cell compartment after childhood thymectomy

Homeostatic mechanisms to maintain the T cell compartment diversity indicate an ongoing process of thymic activity and peripheral T cell renewal during human life. These processes are expected to be accelerate...

Authors: Manuela Zlamy, Giovanni Almanzar, Walther Parson, Christian Schmidt, Johannes Leierer, Birgit Weinberger, Verena Jeller, Karin Unsinn, Matthias Eyrich, Reinhard Würzner and Martina Prelog

Pneumococcal colonization in older adults

Little is known about pneumococcal carrier states in older adults. The main aim of this study was to evaluate pneumococcal colonization patterns among older adults in two centres in Milan, Italy, before the wi...

Authors: Susanna Esposito, Daniela Mari, Luigi Bergamaschini, Annalisa Orenti, Leonardo Terranova, Luca Ruggiero, Valentina Ierardi, Monia Gambino, Francesco Della Croce and Nicola Principi

Cytomegalovirus viral load within blood increases markedly in healthy people over the age of 70 years

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a highly prevalent herpesvirus, which maintains lifelong latency and places a significant burden on host immunity. Infection is associated with increased rates of vascular disease and ...

Authors: Helen M. Parry, Jianmin Zuo, Guido Frumento, Nikhil Mirajkar, Charlotte Inman, Emma Edwards, Mike Griffiths, Guy Pratt and Paul Moss

Serum BPIFB4 levels classify health status in long-living individuals

People that reach extreme ages (Long-Living Individuals, LLIs) are object of intense investigation for increase/decrease of genetic variant frequencies, genetic methylation levels, protein abundance in serum a...

Authors: Francesco Villa, Alberto Malovini, Albino Carrizzo, Chiara C. Spinelli, Anna Ferrario, Anna Maciąg, Michele Madonna, Riccardo Bellazzi, Luciano Milanesi, Carmine Vecchione and Annibale A. Puca

Fetal thymus graft enables recovery from age-related hearing loss and expansion of CD4-Positive T cells expressing IL-1 receptor type 2 and regulatory T Cells

Accumulating evidence has indicated the relationship between the systemic immune system and the central nervous system including the inner ear.

Authors: Hiroshi Iwai and Muneo Inaba